This document describes the installation procedure for
NetBSD1.5
on the
mac68k
platform. It is available in four different formats titled
INSTALL.ext,
where
ext
is one of
.ps, .html, .more,
or .txt:
.ps.html.moremore(1)
and
less(1)
pager utility programs. This is the format in which the on-line
man
pages are generally presented.
.txtYou are reading the HTML version.
The
NetBSD
Operating System is a fully functional
Open Source
UNIX-like
operating system derived from the University of California, Berkeley
Networking Release 2 (Net/2), 4.4BSD-Lite, and 4.4BSD-Lite2 sources.
NetBSD
runs on thirty-one different system architectures featuring twelve distinct
families of CPUs, and is being ported to more. The
NetBSD1.5
release contains complete binary releases for fifteen different
machine types. (The sixteen remaining are not fully supported at this time
and are thus not part of the binary distribution. For information on
them, please see the
NetBSD
web site at
http://www.netbsd.org/)
NetBSD
is a completely integrated system.
In addition to its highly portable, high performance kernel,
NetBSD
features a complete set of user utilities, compilers for several
languages, the X Window System, firewall software
and numerous other tools, all accompanied by full source code.
NetBSD
is a creation of the members of the Internet community.
Without the unique cooperation and coordination the net makes
possible, it's likely that
NetBSD
wouldn't exist.
The
NetBSD1.5
release
provides numerous significant functional enhancements, including
support for many new devices, integration of hundreds of bug fixes,
new and updated kernel subsystems, and many userland enhancements. The
result of these improvements is a stable operating system fit for
production use that rivals most commercially available systems.
It is impossible to completely summarize over one year of
development that went into the
NetBSD1.5
release. Some highlights include:
As has been noted, there have also been innumerable bug fixes.
Kernel interfaces have continued to be refined, and more subsystems
and device drivers are shared among the different ports. You can look
for this trend to continue.
NetBSD1.5
is the sixth major release of
NetBSD
for the m68k-based Macintosh.
For the mac68k port,
NetBSD1.5
brings a number of improvements:
There is still a lot of work to be done and help is welcomed. Please jump in!
NetBSD1.5
on mac68k is, as usual, also fully backward compatible with old
NetBSD/mac68k
binaries, so you don't need to recompile all of your local programs.
The
NetBSD
Foundation has been incorporated as a non-profit
organization. Its purpose is to encourage, foster and promote the
free exchange of computer software, namely the
NetBSD
Operating
System. The foundation will allow for many things to be handled more
smoothly than could be done with our previous informal organization.
In particular, it provides the framework to deal with other parties
that wish to become involved in the
NetBSD
Project.
The
NetBSD
Foundation will help improve the quality of
NetBSD
by:
We intend to begin narrowing the time delay between releases. Our
ambition is to provide a full release every six to eight months.
We hope to support even
more
hardware in the future, and we have a
rather large number of other ideas about what can be done to improve
NetBSD.
We intend to continue our current practice of making the
NetBSD-current development source available on a daily basis.
We intend to integrate free, positive changes from whatever sources
submit them, providing that they are well thought-out and increase the
usability of the system.
Above all, we hope to create a stable and accessible system, and to be
responsive to the needs and desires of
NetBSD
users, because it is for
and because of them that
NetBSD
exists.
Refer to
http://www.netbsd.org/Sites/net.html.
The root directory of the
NetBSD1.5
release is organized as follows:
In addition to the files and directories listed above, there is one
directory per architecture, for each of the architectures for which
NetBSD1.5
has a binary distribution.
There are also
The source distribution sets can be found in subdirectories of the
All the above source sets are located in the
The source sets are distributed as compressed tar files. They may be
unpacked into
The
The split distributions may be reassembled and extracted with
cat
as follows:
In each of the source distribution set directories, there are
files which contain the checksums of the files in the directory:
The MD5 digest is the safest checksum, followed by the POSIX
checksum. The other two checksums are provided only to ensure
that the widest possible range of system can check the integrity
of the release files.
NetBSD
maintains its own set of sources for the X Window System in order to
assure tight integration and compatibility.
These sources are based on XFree86, and tightly track XFree86 releases.
They are currently equivalent to XFree86 3.3.6.
Binary sets for the X Window system are distributed with
NetBSD.
The sets are:
The mac68k binary distribution sets are distributed as gzipped tar files
named with the extension
.tgz, e.g.
The instructions given for extracting the source sets work equally
well for the binary sets, but it is worth noting that if you use that
method, the files are
Additional kernels to those included in the distribution sets may be found
in the
The
MacOS
based utilities necessary for installing and running
NetBSD
can
be found in the
These files are all binhexed, self-extracting archives. If you need them,
the sources for these utilities are in the
NetBSD/mac68k
1.5 runs on several of the older Macintosh computers.
About 4 MB of RAM might be sufficient to boot, and the system can probably
be squeezed onto a 40 MB hard disk by leaving off an unnecessary set or two.
To actually do much compiling or anything more interesting than booting, at
least 8 MB of RAM and more disk space is recommended. About 95 MB will be
necessary to install all of the
NetBSD1.5
binary system distribution
sets (note that this does not count swap space!). An additional 30 MB or so
is needed for the binary X11 distribution sets. Much more disk space is
required to install the source and objects as well (at least another 300
MB).
If your 68030 system is not listed above, it may be because of a problem
with accessing onboard video, and it may still work with a serial console.
Some of the known ones in this category:
If your 68LC040 system is not listed above, it is due to a problem with
floating point emulation (FPE) for this type of processor. Machines in
this category include:
This machine has unusual custom chips for the ADB and serial interfaces
which make support for it difficult. Work is in progress on this, though.
These machines have I/O processor chips for their ADB interfaces similar to
those used in the IIfx and thus face similar support problems.
This is a separate effort from the mac68k port. PowerMacs use hardware that
is often fairly different from that of the mac68k port. If you are
interested in this, you might want to take a look at the new
NetBSD/macppc
port:
http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/macppc/index.html
Due to oddities of the Macintosh hardware interrupt priority scheme,
NetBSD/mac68k
keeps very poor time. Under a high interrupt load (e.g.
SCSI or serial port activity) , a machine can lose several minutes
per hour. A consequence of this problem is that attempting to run
xntpd
is rather pointless unless you periodically call
ntpdate.
The
NetBSD/mac68k
SCSI drivers are not quite as
robust as their
MacOS
counterparts. Symptoms of these
problems are that some SCSI disks will not work under
NetBSD that work fine under
MacOS.
Other problems include
occasional file system corruption with some types of drives
and the general unreliability of removable SCSI media.
Keep in mind that there are no clear patterns with these
problems, and they do not appear to affect the majority of
users.
Installation is currently only supported from the local Macintosh hard
drive, from a CD-ROM, or from an AppleShare volume (however, you may upgrade
a system from within
NetBSD
; see the section on upgrading for more details).
If you are installing from a local hard drive, this means that you'll need
at least enough room for the largest file that you will have to install.
This is the 15.2 MB
If the install is being done from an AppleShare-mounted volume, the install
utility must be in the same folder as the binary distribution sets.
Each distribution file is in
raw archive format.
You will also need to collect the
MacOS
installation tools from the
Find your favorite disk partitioning utility. Any formatter capable of
partitioning a SCSI disk should work. Some of the ones that have been
tried and seem to work are:
Apple's HD SC Setup is probably the easiest to use and the most commonly
available. Instructions for patching HD SC Setup so that it will recognize
non-Apple drives is available at:
http://www.euronet.nl/users/ernstoud/patch.html
First, you need to choose a drive on which to install
NetBSD.
Try to pick a
drive with a low SCSI-ID number, especially if you are likely to add or
remove drives to your SCSI chain in the future.
Second, decide how you want to set up your partitions. At minimum, you
need a partition to hold the
NetBSD
installation (the root partition -
Once you have decided how to lay out your partitions, you need to calculate
how much space to allocate to each partition. A minimal install of
NetBSD
(i.e.
Keep in mind that
NetBSD
currently requires
MacOS
in order to boot, so it is likely that you will
want to keep at least a minimal install of
MacOS
around on an HFS
partition for this purpose. The size of this partition may vary depending
on the size requirements for the version of
MacOS
you are using. Of
course, if you have
MacOS
on another hard drive or can boot from a floppy,
feel free to dedicate the entire drive to
NetBSD.
Next, use your favorite partitioning utility to make partitions of the
necessary sizes. You can use any type of partition, but partitions of type
You are now set to install
NetBSD
on your hard drive.
The installation can be broken down into three basic steps:
When you have finished converting each partition, select each partition and
click on the
``Format''
button. You will now be asked for a bunch of
parameters for the hard drive and the file system. Usually, you can just
take the defaults. If you are installing onto removable media (e.g. a Zip,
Jaz, or Syquest), please see the FAQ. Note that although this dialog only
has the
``OK''
button, you are not committed, yet. Once you get the values
you want, press the
``OK''
button. A dialog will be presented at this point
with two options:
``Format''
and
``Cancel''.
If you choose
``Cancel'',
nothing will be written to your drive. If you choose
``Format'',
the program will
proceed to make a file system.
Mkfs is not a well-behaved Macintosh application. It will not allow any
other tasks to run while it does (cooperative multitasking at its best).
When it's finished, the program will put up a dialog to ask if you have
scanned the output for any error messages. Usually there won't have been
any errors, but do scan the output to make sure. Simply click on the
``I Read It''
button and the program will quit.
Repeat as necessary for any extra partitions that you wish to make
file systems on. Note that you do
not
need a file system on your swap partition.
When you are finished, click on the
``Done''
button and choose
``Quit''
from the
``File''
menu to exit Mkfs.
Double-click on the Installer icon to start it up. The Installer will
present the same SCSI-ID menu that Mkfs did. Select the same SCSI-ID that
you did for Mkfs - i.e., the one you are installing onto.
If you are installing onto a single root partition
(
If you have not created file systems for
When you started the Installer, it mounted your root partition
(
it printed lines like:
This means that the device for SCSI-ID 5 is
You will need to know the proper device to mount the remaining
partition(s) by hand:
E.g. for the
As is the case with Mkfs, this is not a particularly well-behaved
Macintosh application and the machine will be completely tied up
while the installation takes place.
At some point after installing the base set, select the
Build Devices
option from the
File
menu if you have not already done
so. This will create a bunch of device nodes for you and will
create your initial
When you are finished installing all of the sets you wish to
install, exit the Installer by choosing
Quit from the File
menu.
It is probably best to boot your machine with all extensions turned
off [1]. You can do this by booting into
MacOS
with the SHIFT key held
down. You may have to restart your Macintosh for changes to take effect
before proceeding.
Double-click on the
NetBSD/mac68k
Booter icon to start the application.
Select
Booting
from the
Options
menu. Check that all of the items in
the resulting dialog look sane - especially the SCSI-ID. If not, correct
them to your preference (the SCSI-ID should be the only thing you need to
change). When you are satisfied with your choices, try booting
NetBSD
by selecting
Boot Now from the
Options menu.
If you wish to save your preferences, choose
Save Options
from the
File
menu before Booting (your preferences will not be saved if you
forget to do this).
If the system does not come up, send mail to
port-mac68k@netbsd.org
describing your software, your hardware, and as complete a description of
the problem as you can.
If the system does come up, congratulations, you have successfully installed
NetBSD1.5.
Once you've got the operating system running, there are a few
things you need to do in order to bring the system into a properly
configured state, with the most important ones described below.
If you or the installation software haven't done any configuration of
and with the root file system
(
If your
If you have
Other values that need to be set in
or, if you have
myname.my.dom
in
To enable proper hostname resolution, you will also want to add an
Other files in
After reboot, you can log in as
Use the
If you have installed the X window system, look at the files in
Don't forget to add
If you wish to install any of the software freely available for
UNIX-like
systems
you are strongly advised to first check the
NetBSD
package system. This automatically handles any changes necessary to
make the software run on
NetBSD,
retrieval and installation of any other packages on which the software
may depend, and simplifies installation (and deinstallation), both
from source and precompiled binaries.
After extracting, then see the
is likely to give you more information on these files.
The upgrade to
NetBSD1.5
is a binary upgrade; it can be quite difficult
to advance to a later version by recompiling from source due primarily
to interdependencies in the various components.
No automated upgrade procedure exists for upgrading to release 1.5 for the
NetBSD/mac68k
architecture. The current procedure is essentially to perform
a new install from scratch. It is hoped that there will be a good upgrade
procedure for future releases. Please feel free to volunteer to help
replace these installation tools.
The following steps outline the current upgrade procedure. These steps
should help ease the upgrade process. Please read these instructions
carefully and completely before proceeding.
There is no need to backup your old kernel explicitly since it will be
incapable of running many of the newer binaries you are about to
install. (Unless, of course, you have a backup copy of your older
binaries and want to revert to them for some reason.) However, you
might want to keep a backup if you are upgrading from within
NetBSD
just in case the newer kernel has trouble booting your machine.
Keep in mind that there is
no going back once you have installed the base set short of a complete
re-install of an earlier distribution. Continue with the appropriate
command line for each of the other sets you wish to install except for
the etc set. If you are in the Installer, open up the Minishell and do
the following:
Ignore the warning message this will cause. Now, use the Installer to
install the
etc
set (it will install into
If you are in
NetBSD,
do the following instead:
At this point you have successfully upgraded to
NetBSD1.5.
Users upgrading from previous versions of
NetBSD
may wish to bear the
following problems and compatibility issues in mind when upgrading to
NetBSD1.5.
In previous releases of
NetBSD,
At system startup,
At system shutdown,
Local and third-party scripts may be installed into
Previous releases of
NetBSD
disabled a feature of
Due to
Documentation is available if you first install the manual
distribution set. Traditionally, the
``man pages''
(documentation) are denoted by
`
The section numbers group the topics into several categories, but three
are of primary interest: user commands are in section 1, file formats
are in section 5, and administrative information is in section 8.
The man
command is used to view the documentation on a topic, and is
started by entering
man[ section]
topic.
The brackets
[]
around the
section should not be entered, but rather indicate that the section is
optional. If you don't ask for a particular section, the topic with the
lowest numbered section name will be displayed. For instance, after
logging in, enter
to read the documentation for
instead.
If you are unsure of what man page you are looking for, enter
apropos subject-word
where
subject-word
is your topic of interest; a list of possibly
related man pages will be displayed.
If you've got something to say, do so! We'd like your input.
There are various mailing lists available via the mailing list
server at
majordomo@netbsd.org.
To get help on using the mailing
list server, send mail to that address with an empty body, and it will
reply with instructions.
There are various mailing lists set up to deal with comments and
questions about this release. Please send comments to:
netbsd-comments@netbsd.org.
To report bugs, use the
Use of
There are also port-specific mailing lists, to discuss aspects of
each port of
NetBSD.
Use majordomo to find their addresses, or visit
http://www.netbsd.org/MailingLists/.
If
you're interested in doing a serious amount of work on a specific
port, you probably should contact the
`owner'
of that port (listed
below).
If you'd like to help with this effort, and have an idea as to how
you could be useful, send us mail or subscribe to:
netbsd-help@netbsd.org.
As a favor, please avoid mailing huge documents or files to these
mailing lists. Instead, put the material you would have sent up
for FTP or WWW somewhere, then mail the appropriate list about it, or, if
you'd rather not do that, mail the list saying you'll send the data
to those who want it.
for their ongoing work on
BSD
systems, support, and encouragement.
for answering lots of questions, fixing bugs, and doing the various work
they've done.
(in alphabetical order)
Changes Since The Last Release
Kernel
ktruss(1).
swapctl(8).
Networking
pcap(3)
is incremented and you may need to recompile userland tools.
The KAME IPv6 part includes results from the unified-ipv6 effort.
File system
/)
on a RAID set.
rpc.lockd(8))
now works.
Security
sysctl(3)
interfaces to various elements of process and system information,
allowing programs such as
ps(1),
dmesg(1)
and the like to operate without recompilation after kernel upgrades,
and remove the necessity to run setgid kmem (thus improving system
security).
System administration and user tools
rc(8)
system startup and shutdown scripts to an
`rc.d'
mechanism, with separate control scripts for each service, and
appropriate dependency ordering provided by
rcorder(8).
postfix(1)
provided as alternative mail transport agent to
sendmail(8).
useradd(8),
usermod(8),
userdel(8),
groupadd(8),
groupmod(8),
and
groupdel(8)
added to the system.
/etc/login.conf)
from
BSD/OS.
at(1)
and
w(1).
ftpd(8)
providing features found in larger and less secure FTP daemons,
such as user classes, connection limits, improved support for
virtual hosting, transfer statistics, transfer rate throttling,
and support for various IETF ftpext working group extensions.
ftp(1)
client has been improved even further, including
transfer rate throttling, improved URL support, command line uploads.
See the man page for details.
Miscellaneous
/usr/share/misc/style)
to use ANSI C only (instead of K&R) and reflect current (best) practice,
and begin migrating the
NetBSD
source code to follow it.
curses(3)
library, including support for color.
file(1),
ipfilter(4),
ppp(4),
and
sendmail(8)
to the latest stable release.
The Future of NetBSD
Sources of NetBSD
NetBSD 1.5 Release Contents
.../NetBSD-1.5/
CHANGESLAST_MINUTEMIRRORSREADME.filesTODOpatches/source/README.export-control
files sprinkled liberally throughout the
distribution tree, which point out that there are some portions of the
distribution that may be subject to
export regulations of the United States, e.g.
code under
src/crypto
and
src/sys/crypto.
It is your responsibility
to determine whether or not it is legal for you to export these portions
and to act accordingly.
source
subdirectory of the distribution tree. They contain the
complete sources to the system. The source distribution sets
are as follows:
22.3 MB gzipped, 98.8 MB uncompressed
5.6 MB gzipped, 57.0 MB uncompressed
3.3 MB gzipped, 13.2 MB uncompressed
24.2 MB gzipped, 120.6 MB uncompressed
config(8),
and
dbsym(8).
17.6 MB gzipped, 88.6 MB uncompressed
35.2 MB gzipped, 176.8 MB uncompressed
source/sets
subdirectory of the distribution tree.
/usr/src
with the command:
#( cd / ; tar -zxpf - ) < set_name.tgz
sets/Split/
subdirectory contains split
versions of the source sets for those users who need to load the
source sets from floppy or otherwise need a split distribution. The
split sets are named
set_name.xx
where
set_name
is the distribution set name, and
xx
is the sequence number of the file,
starting with
``aa''
for the first file in the distribution set, then
``ab''
for the next, and so on. All of these files except the last one
of each set should be exactly 240,640 bytes long. (The last file is
just long enough to contain the remainder of the data for that
distribution set.)
# cat set_name.?? | ( cd / ; tar -zxpf - )
BSDSUMCKSUMMD5SYSVSUMNetBSD/mac68k subdirectory structure
The mac68k-specific portion of the
NetBSD1.5
release is found in the
mac68k
subdirectory of the distribution:
.../NetBSD-1.5/mac68k/
INSTALL.htmlINSTALL.psINSTALL.txtINSTALL.more.more file contains underlined text using the
more(1)
conventions for indicating italic and bold display.
binary/
kernel/
netbsd.GENERIC.gzsets/installation/
floppy/misc/Binary distribution sets
The
NetBSD
mac68k
binary distribution sets contain the binaries which
comprise the
NetBSD1.5
release for the mac68k. There are eight binary distribution sets.
The binary distribution sets can be found in the
mac68k/binary/sets
subdirectory
of the
NetBSD1.5
distribution tree, and are as follows:
15.7 MB gzipped, 41.6 MB uncompressed
/usr/include)
and the various system libraries (except the shared
libraries, which are included as part of the
base
set). This set also includes the manual pages for
all of the utilities it contains, as well as the
system call and library manual pages.
11.8 MB gzipped, 39.7 MB uncompressed
/etc
and in several other places. This set
must
be installed if you are installing the system from scratch, but should
not
be used if you are upgrading. (If you are upgrading,
it's recommended that you get a copy of this set and
carefully
upgrade your configuration files by hand.)
0.1 MB gzipped, 0.6 MB uncompressed
3.0 MB gzipped, 7.4 MB uncompressed
GENERIC
kernel, named
/netbsd.
You must
install this distribution set.
5.0 MB gzipped, 19.9 MB uncompressed
/usr/share.
2.6 MB gzipped, 10.1 MB uncompressed
groff(1),
all related programs, and their manual pages.
1.3 MB gzipped, 4.7 MB uncompressed
2.6 MB gzipped, 8.2 MB uncompressed
1.7 MB gzipped, 7.2 MB uncompressed
0.2 MB gzipped, 0.7 MB uncompressed
6.2 MB gzipped, 7.5 MB uncompressed
1.4 MB gzipped, 3.4 MB uncompressed
base.tgz.
/-relative
and therefore are extracted
below
the current directory. That
is, if you want to extract the binaries into your system, i.e.
replace the system binaries with them, you have to run the
tar -xpf
command from
/.
mac68k/binary/kernels
subdirectory of the
NetBSD1.5
distribution tree. These kernels are generally named something like
netbsd-GENERIC.gz
or some other suitable name. Please note that these kernels are simply
gzipped and are not in tar archives.
mac68k/installation/misc
subdirectory of the
NetBSD1.5
distribution tree. The important files in this directory are as
follows:
Booter.sea.hqx
141 KB archived
Installer.sea.hqx
147 KB archived
Mkfs.sea.hqx
76 KB archived
src subdirectory.
NetBSD/mac68k System Requirements and Supported Devices
Supported models
Supported devices
Unsupported models
Known hardware issues with this release
Getting the NetBSD System on to Useful Media
base.tgz
file. There has been talk of allowing an install
from split files. If you have the time, desire, and knowledge, please feel
free to add that functionality.
mac68k/installation/misc subdirectory of the
NetBSD1.5
distribution:
Mkfs,
NetBSD/mac68k
Installer, and
NetBSD/mac68k
Booter. These three are
in binhexed, self-extracting archives as Mkfs.sea.hqx, Installer.sea.hqx,
and Booter.sea.hqx, respectively. Extract them as you would any other
Macintosh application.
Preparing your System for NetBSD installation
/)
and a
partition to serve as swap. You may choose to use more than one partition
to hold the installation. This allows you to separate the more vital
portions of the file system (such as the kernel and the
/etc
directory) from the more volatile parts of the file system.
Typical setups place the
/usr
directory on a separate partition from the root partition
(/).
Generally,
/
can be fairly small while the
/usr
partition should be fairly large.
If you plan to use this machine as a server, you may also want a separate
/var
partition.
netbsd.tgz, base.tgz, and
etc.tgz)
should just fit in a 32 MB partition.
For a full installation, you should allocate at least 95 MB (150 MB if you
wish to install the X sets as well). A general rule of thumb for sizing
the swap partition is to allocate twice as much swap space as you have
real memory. Having your swap + real memory total at least 20 MB is also
a good idea. Systems that will be heavily used or that are low on real
memory should have more swap space allocated. Systems that will be only
lightly used or have a very large amount of real memory can get away
with less.
Apple_Free
might save you some confusion in the future.
Installing the NetBSD System
Preparing the file system(s)
Double-click on the Mkfs application icon to start it up. It will ask you
for the SCSI-ID of the drive that you are installing upon. Once this is
selected, it will present a list of the partitions on that disk. You must
first convert the partitions to a type which
NetBSD
can understand. Select
each partition on which you wish to build a file system and click on the
``Change''
button. If you are placing the entire installation on a single
partition, select the
``NetBSD Root&Usr''
radio button. If you are using
multiple partitions, select
``NetBSD Root''
for the root partition
(/)
and
``NetBSD Usr''
for all the other partitions. You should select
``NetBSD Swap''
for the swap partition.
Installing the files
Before using the Installer, it is probably a good idea to increase its
memory allocation. Select the Installer icon by clicking on it and choose
``Get Info''
from the File menu. Increase both the Minimum and Preferred
sizes to as much as you can spare.
/),
proceed to the
Installation of base files
section, below.
/
(root),
usr,
and any other file systems, go back to
Preparing the file system(s)
above.
/).
Just before it printed,
Mounting partition 'A' as / ,
sd1 at scsi ID 5.
sd1.
The partitions
are signified by a trailing letter. For instance,
sd1a
would be
the root partition
(/)
of the second SCSI disk in the chain, and
sd0g
would be the first Usr partition on the first SCSI disk.
# mkdir path
/usr
partition type:
# mkdir /usr
# mount device path
For example, if you wish to mount a
/usr
partition from the first SCSI disk
sd0,
on
/usr, you would type:
# mount /dev/sd0g /usr
# fstab force
to create a proper
/etc/fstab
file.
Installation of base files
Select the
Install
menu item from the
File
menu and install
base.tgz, etc.tgz, netbsd.tgz,
and any other sets you wish to
install at this time. (See the contents section for information
about what's in each set.) The Installer will print out the
filename of each file as it is installed, and will take quite some
time to install everything (the base package alone can take over an
hour on a slow hard drive).
/etc/fstab.
The Installer program also has an
option to give you a mini-shell. Do not use this unless you are
sure know what you are doing.
Booting the system
Prior to attempting to boot
NetBSD/mac68k,
please verify that all of
the following are true:
http://www.netbsd.org/Ports/mac68k/faq/the FAQ
for more information.
Post installation steps
/etc/rc.conf
/etc/rc.conf,
the system will drop you into single user mode on first reboot with the
message
/etc/rc.conf is not configured. Multiuser boot aborted.
/)
mounted read-write. When the system
asks you to choose a shell, simply press
RETURN
to get to a prompt. If you are asked for a terminal type, respond with
vt220
(or whatever is appropriate for your terminal type)
and press
RETURN.
At this point, you need to configure at least
one file in the
/etc
directory. Change to the
/etc
directory and take a look at the
/etc/rc.conf
file. Modify it to your tastes, making sure that you set
rc_configured=YES
so that your changes will be enabled and a multi-user boot can
proceed.
Default values for the various programs can be found in
/etc/defaults/rc.conf, where some in-line documentation may be found.
More complete documentation can be found in
rc.conf(5).
/usr
directory is on a separate partition and you do not know how to use
ed,
you will have to mount your
/usr
partition to gain access to
ex
or
vi.
Do the following:
# mount /usr
# export TERM=vt220
/var
on a separate partition, you need to repeat
that step for it. After that, you can edit
/etc/rc.conf
with
vi(1).
When you have finished, type
exit
at the prompt to
leave the single-user shell and continue with the multi-user boot.
/etc/rc.conf
for a networked environment are
hostname and possibly
defaultroute,
furthermore add an
ifconfig_int
for your interface
<int>,
along the lines of
ifconfig_de0="inet 123.45.67.89 netmask 255.255.255.0"
/etc/hosts:
ifconfig_de0="inet myname.my.dom netmask 255.255.255.0"
/etc/resolv.conf
file or (if you are feeling a little more adventurous) run
named(8).
See
resolv.conf(5)
or
named(8)
for more information.
/etc
that may require modification or setting up include
/etc/mailer.conf,
/etc/nsswitch.conf,
and
/etc/wscons.conf.
root
at the login prompt. There
is no initial password, but if you're using the machine in a
networked environment, you should create an account for yourself
(see below) and protect it and the
``root''
account with good passwords.
Unless you have connected an unusual terminal device as the console
you can just press
RETURN
when it prompts for
Terminal type? [...]
useradd(8)
command to add accounts to your system,
do not
edit
/etc/passwd
directly. See
useradd(8)
for more information on how to add a new user to the system.
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/doc
for information.
/usr/X11R6/bin
to your path in your shell's dot file so that you have access to the X binaries.
/usr/pkgsrc
(though other locations work fine), as with the command:
# mkdir /usr/pkgsrc; tar -C /usr/pkgsrc -zxpf pkgsrc.tar.gz
README
file in the extraction directory (e.g.
/usr/pkgsrc/README)
for more information.
/etc/mail/aliases
to forward root mail to the right place (run
newaliases(1)
afterwards.)
/etc/mail/sendmail.cf
file will almost definitely need to be adjusted;
files aiding in this can be found in
/usr/share/sendmail.
See the
README
file there for more information.
/etc/rc.local
to run any local daemons you use.
/etc
files are documented in section 5 of the manual; so just invoking
# man 5 filename
Upgrading a previously-installed NetBSD System
mac68k/binary/sets
subdirectory of the
NetBSD1.5
distribution. You will need the base
set and the kernel at a minimum. Be sure to download the files in
binary
mode. If you will be upgrading from within
NetBSD,
make sure
that you place the distribution sets on a file system you will be able to
reach from single-user mode.
installation/misc
subdirectory) or install from within
NetBSD
(the latter is recommended for speed reasons). If you
choose the former, proceed as you normally would. If you choose to
install from within
NetBSD,
then boot (or shutdown) into single-user
mode and do the following:
# cd /
# pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/kern.tgz
sdXd
or
sdXe
slots, slots that often were not available under
previous releases of
NetBSD.
If this is the case, you will need to
manually mount your root partition
(/)
via
mount -w /
and edit your
/etc/fstab
file to reflect the new partition layout. Unless you are
familiar with
ex(1)
or
ed(1).
the easiest way to fix your
/etc/fstab
file
is probably to simply do a
cat > /etc/fstab
and type in the corrected file in its entirety.
# cd /
# pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/base.tgz
cd /tmp
exit
/tmp
instead of the
/etc
directory).
# cd /tmp
# pax -zrvpe -f /path/to/etc.tgz
/tmp/etc
directory and compare each file there with your old files in
/etc.
You will probably want to replace
some of your system configuration files, or incorporate some of the
changes in the new versions into yours. You should take note of the
following when upgrading to the
NetBSD1.5
etc.tgz set:
To find out
more about different file system options, read the man page for the
associated
mount
command (e.g.
/etc/fstab
to
ffs.
mount_mfs(8)
for MFS file systems; note:
FFS type file systems are documented in the
mount(8)
man page). If you
have not already done so, you may also need to correct
/etc/fstab
for a shift in the partition numbering scheme. See step 4 above for more
details.
# cd /dev
# sh MAKEDEV all
Compatibility Issues With Previous NetBSD Releases
General issues
/etc/rc
modified to use
/etc/rc.d/*
/etc/rc
was a traditional
BSD
style monolithic file.
As of
NetBSD1.5,
each discrete program or substem from
/etc/rc
and
/etc/netstart
has been moved into separate scripts in
/etc/rc.d/.
/etc/rc
uses
rcorder(8)
to build a dependency list of the files in
/etc/rc.d
and then executes each script in turn with an argument of
`start'.
Many
rc.d
scripts won't start unless the appropriate
rc.conf(5)
entry in
/etc/rc.conf
is set to
`YES.'
/etc/rc.shutdown
uses
rcorder(8)
to build a dependency list of the files in
/etc/rc.d
that have a
``KEYWORD: shutdown''
line, reverses the resulting list, and then executes each script in turn
with an argument of
`stop'.
The following scripts support a specific shutdown method:
cron,
inetd,
local,
and
xdm.
/etc/rc.d
as necessary.
Refer to the other scripts in that directory and
rc(8)
for more information on implementing
rc.d
scripts.
Issues affecting an upgrading from NetBSD 1.4 or later
named(8)
leaks version information
named(8)
where the version number of the server could be determined by remote clients.
This feature has not been disabled in
NetBSD1.5,
because there is a
named.conf(5)
option to change the version string:
option {
version "newstring";
};
sysctl(8)
pathname changed
sysctl(8)
is moved from
/usr/sbin/sysctl
to
/sbin/sysctl.
If you have hardcoded references to the full pathname
(in shell scripts, for example)
please be sure to update those.
sendmail(8)
configuration file pathname changed
sendmail(8)
upgrade from 8.9.x to 8.10.x,
/etc/sendmail.cf
is moved to
/etc/mail/sendmail.cf.
Also, the default
sendmail.cf(5)
refers different pathnames than before.
For example,
/etc/aliases
is now located at
/etc/mail/aliases,
/etc/sendmail.cw
is now called
/etc/mail/local-host-names,
and so forth.
If you have customized
sendmail.cf(5)
and friends, you will need to move the files to the new locations.
See
/usr/share/sendmail/README
for more information.
Using online NetBSD documentation
name(section)'.
Some examples of this are
intro(1),
man(1),
apropros(1),
passwd(1),
and
passwd(5).
# man passwd
passwd(1).
To view the documentation for
passwd(5),
enter
# man 5 passwd
Administrivia
send-pr(1)
command shipped with
NetBSD,
and fill in as much information about the problem as you can. Good
bug reports include lots of details. Additionally, bug reports can
be sent by mail to:
netbsd-bugs@netbsd.org.
send-pr(1)
is encouraged, however, because bugs reported with it
are entered into the
NetBSD
bugs database, and thus can't slip through
the cracks.
Thanks go to
Keith Bostic
Ralph Campbell
Mike Karels
Marshall Kirk McKusick
Mike Hibler
Rick Macklem
Jan-Simon Pendry
Chris Torek
Steve Allen
Jason Birnschein
Mason Loring Bliss
Jason Brazile
Mark Brinicombe
David Brownlee
Simon Burge
Dave Burgess
Ralph Campbell
Brian Carlstrom
James Chacon
Bill Coldwell
Charles Conn
Tom Coulter
Charles D. Cranor
Christopher G. Demetriou
Scott Ellis
Hubert Feyrer
Castor Fu
Greg Gingerich
William Gnadt
Michael Graff
Guenther Grau
Ross Harvey
Charles M. Hannum
Michael L. Hitch
Kenneth Alan Hornstein
Jordan K. Hubbard
Søren Jørvang
Scott Kaplan
Noah M. Keiserman
Harald Koerfgen
John Kohl
Chris Legrow
Ted Lemon
Norman R. McBride
Neil J. McRae
Perry E. Metzger
Toru Nishimura
Herb Peyerl
Mike Price
Dave Rand
Michael Richardson
Heiko W. Rupp
Brad Salai
Chuck Silvers
Thor Lancelot Simon
Bill Sommerfeld
Paul Southworth
Eric and Rosemary Spahr
Ted Spradley
Kimmo Suominen
Jason R. Thorpe
Steve Wadlow
Krister Walfridsson
Jim Wise
Christos Zoulas
(If you're not on that list and should be, tell us! We probably were
not able to get in touch with you, to verify that you wanted to be
listed.)
AboveNet Communications, Inc.
Advanced System Products, Inc.
Avalon Computer Systems
Bay Area Internet Solutions
Brains Corporation, Japan
Canada Connect Corporation
Co-operative Research Centre for Enterprise Distributed Systems Technology
Demon Internet, UK
Digital Equipment Corporation
Distributed Processing Technology
Easynet, UK
Free Hardware Foundation
Innovation Development Enterprises of America
Internet Software Consortium
MS Macro System GmbH, Germany
Numerical Aerospace Simulation Facility, NASA Ames Research Center
Piermont Information Systems Inc.
Salient Systems Inc.
VMC Harald Frank, Germany
Warped Communications, Inc.
Whitecross Database Systems Ltd.
We are...
| The NetBSD core group: | ||||||||
| Alistair Crooks | agc@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino | itojun@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Frank van der Linden | fvdl@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Luke Mewburn | lukem@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Christos Zoulas | christos@netbsd.org | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| The portmasters (and their ports): | ||||||||
| Mark Brinicombe | mark@netbsd.org | arm32 | ||||||
| Jeremy Cooper | jeremy@netbsd.org | sun3x | ||||||
| Ross Harvey | ross@netbsd.org | alpha | ||||||
| Jun-ichiro itojun Hagino | itojun@netbsd.org | sh3 | ||||||
| Ben Harris | bjh21@netbsd.org | arm26 | ||||||
| Eduardo Horvath | eeh@netbsd.org | sparc64 | ||||||
| Darrin Jewell | dbj@netbsd.org | next68k | ||||||
| Søren Jørvang | soren@netbsd.org | cobalt | ||||||
| Søren Jørvang | soren@netbsd.org | sgimips | ||||||
| Wayne Knowles | wdk@netbsd.org | mipsco | ||||||
| Paul Kranenburg | pk@netbsd.org | sparc | ||||||
| Anders Magnusson | ragge@netbsd.org | vax | ||||||
| Minoura Makoto | minoura@netbsd.org | x68k | ||||||
| Phil Nelson | phil@netbsd.org | pc532 | ||||||
| Tohru Nishimura | nisimura@netbsd.org | luna68k | ||||||
| NONAKA Kimihiro | nonaka@netbsd.org | prep | ||||||
| Scott Reynolds | scottr@netbsd.org | mac68k | ||||||
| Kazuki Sakamoto | sakamoto@netbsd.org | bebox | ||||||
| Noriyuki Soda | soda@netbsd.org | arc | ||||||
| Wolfgang Solfrank | ws@netbsd.org | ofppc | ||||||
| Ignatios Souvatzis | is@netbsd.org | amiga | ||||||
| Jonathan Stone | jonathan@netbsd.org | pmax | ||||||
| Shin Takemura | takemura@netbsd.org | hpcmips | ||||||
| Jason Thorpe | thorpej@netbsd.org | alpha | ||||||
| Jason Thorpe | thorpej@netbsd.org | hp300 | ||||||
| Tsubai Masanari | tsubai@netbsd.org | macppc | ||||||
| Tsubai Masanari | tsubai@netbsd.org | newsmips | ||||||
| Izumi Tsutsui | tsutsui@netbsd.org | news68k | ||||||
| Frank van der Linden | fvdl@netbsd.org | i386 | ||||||
| Leo Weppelman | leo@netbsd.org | atari | ||||||
| Nathan Williams | nathanw@netbsd.org | sun3 | ||||||
| Steve Woodford | scw@netbsd.org | mvme68k | ||||||
|
| ||||||||
| The NetBSD 1.5 Release Engineering team: | ||||||||
| Chris G. Demetriou | cgd@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Havard Eidnes | he@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ted Lemon | mellon@netbsd.org | |||||||
| John Hawkinson | jhawk@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Perry Metzger | perry@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Curt Sampson | cjs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jason Thorpe | thorpej@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Todd Vierling | tv@netbsd.org | |||||||
|
| ||||||||
| Developers and other contributors: | ||||||||
| Steve Allen | wormey@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Julian Assange | proff@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Lennart Augustsson | augustss@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Christoph Badura | bad@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Robert V. Baron | rvb@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Erik Berls | cyber@netbsd.org | |||||||
| John Birrell | jb@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Mason Loring Bliss | mason@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Manuel Bouyer | bouyer@netbsd.org | |||||||
| John Brezak | brezak@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Allen Briggs | briggs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Aaron Brown | abrown@netbsd.org | |||||||
| David Brownlee | abs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Frederick Bruckman | fredb@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jon Buller | jonb@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Simon Burge | simonb@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dave Burgess | burgess@cynjut.infonet.net | |||||||
| Robert Byrnes | byrnes@netbsd.org | |||||||
| D'Arcy J.M. Cain | darcy@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dave Carrel | carrel@netbsd.org | |||||||
| James Chacon | jmc@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bill Coldwell | billc@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Julian Coleman | jdc@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Chuck Cranor | chuck@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Aidan Cully | aidan@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Johan Danielsson | joda@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matt DeBergalis | deberg@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Rob Deker | deker@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Chris G. Demetriou | cgd@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jaromir Dolecek | jdolecek@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Andy Doran | ad@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Roland Dowdeswell | elric@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matthias Drochner | drochner@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jun Ebihara | jun@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Havard Eidnes | he@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Enami Tsugutomo | enami@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bernd Ernesti | veego@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Erik Fair | fair@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Hubert Feyrer | hubertf@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Thorsten Frueauf | frueauf@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Castor Fu | castor@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ichiro Fukuhara | ichiro@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Brian R. Gaeke | brg@dgate.org | |||||||
| Thomas Gerner | thomas@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Simon J. Gerraty | sjg@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Justin Gibbs | gibbs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Adam Glass | glass@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Michael Graff | explorer@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Brad Grantham | grantham@tenon.com | |||||||
| Brian C. Grayson | bgrayson@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matthew Green | mrg@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Juergen Hannken-Illjes | hannken@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Charles M. Hannum | mycroft@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Eric Haszlakiewicz | erh@netbsd.org | |||||||
| John Hawkinson | jhawk@netbsd.org | |||||||
| HAYAKAWA Koichi | haya@netbsd.org | |||||||
| René Hexel | rh@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Michael L. Hitch | mhitch@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Christian E. Hopps | chopps@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ken Hornstein | kenh@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Marc Horowitz | marc@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Nick Hudson | skrll@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Martin Husemann | martin@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dean Huxley | dean@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bernardo Innocenti | bernie@netbsd.org | |||||||
| ITOH Yasufumi | itohy@netbsd.org | |||||||
| IWAMOTO Toshihiro | toshii@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matthew Jacob | mjacob@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Lonhyn T. Jasinskyj | lonhyn@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Chris Jones | cjones@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Takahiro Kambe | taca@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Antti Kantee | pooka@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Lawrence Kesteloot | kesteloo@cs.unc.edu | |||||||
| Thomas Klausner | wiz@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Klaus Klein | kleink@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Wayne Knowles | wdk@netbsd.org | |||||||
| John Kohl | jtk@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Kevin Lahey | kml@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Johnny C. Lam | jlam@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Martin J. Laubach | mjl@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ted Lemon | mellon@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Joel Lindholm | joel@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Mike Long | mikel@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Warner Losh | imp@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Federico Lupi | federico@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Brett Lymn | blymn@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Paul Mackerras | paulus@netbsd.org | |||||||
| David Maxwell | david@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dan McMahill | dmcmahill@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Gregory McGarry | gmcgarry@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Neil J. McRae | neil@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Perry Metzger | perry@netbsd.org | |||||||
| der Mouse | mouse@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Joseph Myers | jsm@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ken Nakata | kenn@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bob Nestor | rnestor@netbsd.org | |||||||
| NONAKA Kimihiro | nonaka@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Masaru Oki | oki@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Atsushi Onoe | onoe@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Greg Oster | oster@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Herb Peyerl | hpeyerl@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matthias Pfaller | matthias@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dante Profeta | dante@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Chris Provenzano | proven@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Waldi Ravens | waldi@moacs.indiv.nl.net | |||||||
| Darren Reed | darrenr@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Michael Richardson | mcr@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Tim Rightnour | garbled@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Gordon Ross | gwr@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Heiko W. Rupp | hwr@netbsd.org | |||||||
| SAITOH Masanobu | msaitoh@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Curt Sampson | cjs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Wilfredo Sanchez | wsanchez@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Ty Sarna | tsarna@netbsd.org | |||||||
| SATO Kazumi | sato@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matthias Scheler | tron@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Karl Schilke (rAT) | rat@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Konrad Schroder | perseant@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Reed Shadgett | dent@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Tim Shepard | shep@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Takao Shinohara | shin@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Takuya SHIOZAKI | tshiozak@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Chuck Silvers | chs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Thor Lancelot Simon | tls@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jeff Smith | jeffs@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bill Sommerfeld | sommerfeld@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bill Squier | groo@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Bill Studenmund | wrstuden@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Kevin Sullivan | sullivan@netbsd.org | |||||||
| SUNAGAWA Keiki | kei@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Kimmo Suominen | kim@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Matt Thomas | matt@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Christoph Toshok | toshok@netbsd.org | |||||||
| UCHIYAMA Yasushi | uch@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Shuichiro URATA | ur@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Todd Vierling | tv@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Aymeric Vincent | aymeric@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Paul Vixie | vixie@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Krister Walfridsson | kristerw@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Lex Wennmacher | wennmach@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Assar Westerlund | assar@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Todd Whitesel | toddpw@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Rob Windsor | windsor@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Dan Winship | danw@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Jim Wise | jwise@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Michael Wolfson | mbw@netbsd.org | |||||||
| Colin Wood | ender@netbsd.org | |||||||
All product names mentioned herein are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
The following notices are required to satisfy the license terms of the software that we have mentioned in this document:
This product includes software developed by the University of
California, Berkeley and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by The NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
This product includes software developed by the NetBSD Foundation, Inc.
and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by the Computer
Systems Engineering Group at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory.
This product includes software developed by Adam Glass
and Charles Hannum.
This product includes software developed by Adam Glass
and Charles M. Hannum.
This product includes software developed by Adam Glass.
This product includes software developed by Alistair G. Crooks.
This product includes software developed by Amancio Hasty and
Roger Hardiman.
This product includes software developed by Berkeley Software
Design, Inc.
This product includes software developed by Bill Paul.
This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor
and Washington University.
This product includes software developed by Charles D. Cranor.
This product includes software developed by Charles Hannum,
by the University of Vermont and State Agricultural College
and Garrett A. Wollman, by William F. Jolitz, and by the
University of California, Berkeley, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory,
and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by Charles Hannum.
This product includes software developed by Charles M. Hannum.
This product includes software developed by Chris Provenzano.
This product includes software developed by Christian E. Hopps.
This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou
for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Christopher G. Demetriou.
This product includes software developed by Christos Zoulas.
This product includes software developed by David Jones and Gordon Ross.
This product includes software developed by Dean Huxley.
This product includes software developed by Eric S. Hvozda.
This product includes software developed by Ezra Story.
This product includes software developed by Gardner Buchanan.
This product includes software developed by Gordon Ross.
This product includes software developed by Gordon W. Ross
and Leo Weppelman.
This product includes software developed by Gordon W. Ross.
This product includes software developed by Hauke Fath.
This product includes software developed by HAYAKAWA Koichi.
This product includes software developed by
Hellmuth Michaelis and Joerg Wunsch.
This product includes software developed by Herb Peyerl.
This product includes software developed by Holger Veit and Brian Moore
for use with "386BSD" and similar operating systems.
This product includes software developed by Hubert Feyrer for
the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Iain Hibbert.
This product includes software developed by Ian W. Dall.
This product includes software developed by Ignatios Souvatzis
for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Jason R. Thorpe
for And Communications, http://www.and.com/.
This product includes software developed by Joachim Koenig-Baltes.
This product includes software developed by Jochen Pohl
for The NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by John Polstra.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone
and Jason R. Thorpe for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone
for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Jonathan Stone.
This product includes software developed by Julian Highfield.
This product includes software developed by Kenneth Stailey.
This product includes software developed by Leo Weppelman.
This product includes software developed by Lloyd Parkes.
This product includes software developed by Manuel Bouyer.
This product includes software developed by Marc Horowitz.
This product includes software developed by Mark Brinicombe.
This product includes software developed by Mark Tinguely and Jim Lowe.
This product includes software developed by Markus Wild.
This product includes software developed by Martin Husemann
and Wolfgang Solfrank.
This product includes software developed by Mats O Jansson
and Charles D. Cranor.
This product includes software developed by Mats O Jansson.
This product includes software developed by Matthias Pfaller.
This product includes software developed by Michael L. Hitch.
This product includes software developed by Niels Provos.
This product includes software developed by Paul Kranenburg.
This product includes software developed by Paul Mackerras.
This product includes software developed by Peter Galbavy.
This product includes software developed by Philip A. Nelson.
This product includes software developed by Rodney W. Grimes.
This product includes software developed by Roland C. Dowdeswell.
This product includes software developed by Rolf Grossmann.
This product includes software developed by Scott Bartram.
This product includes software developed by SigmaSoft, Th. Lockert.
This product includes software developed by Tatoku Ogaito
for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Terrence R. Lambert.
This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt
and John Brezak.
This product includes software developed by Theo de Raadt.
This product includes software developed by Tohru Nishimura
for the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by TooLs GmbH.
This product includes software developed by Winning Strategies, Inc.
This product includes software developed by Zembu Labs, Inc.
This product includes software developed by the Center for
Software Science at the University of Utah.
This product includes software developed by the Computer
Systems Laboratory at the University of Utah.
This product includes software developed by the University of Calgary
Department of Computer Science and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by the University of Vermont
and State Agricultural College and Garrett A. Wollman.
This product includes software developed for the FreeBSD project.
This product includes software developed for the Internet
Software Consortium by Ted Lemon.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Frank van der Linden.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Jason R. Thorpe.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by John M. Vinopal.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Matthias Drochner.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Matthieu Herrb.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Perry E. Metzger.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Piermont Information Systems Inc.
This product includes software developed for the NetBSD Project
by Ted Lemon.
This product includes software developed by LAN Media Corporation
and its contributors.
This product includes software developed by Michael Graff for
the NetBSD Project.
This product includes software developed by Niklas Hallqvist,
C Stone and Job de Haas.
This product includes software developed by Eric Young (eay@mincom.oz.au).
This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project
for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (http://www.openssl.org/).
This product includes software developed by the University of Oregon.
This product includes software developed by the University of Southern
California and/or Information Sciences Institute.
This product includes software developed by Internet Initiative Japan Inc.
This product includes software developed by the Alice Group.
This product includes software developed by Allen Briggs.
This product includes software developed by Bradley A. Grantham.
This product includes software developed by Takashi Hamada.
This product includes software developed by Scott Reynolds.
This product includes software developed by John P. Wittkoski.
This product includes software developed by Colin Wood.
The following people have made contributions of various sorts specifically for the Macintosh port (in alphabetical order):
pmove ttx
instruction.